Energy-saving technology of production of elements of building structures from polymer materials

Abstract

Problem statement. At present, the increase in the efficiency of the technology for the production of composite structural elements is associated with high energy costs. In this regard, the implementation of ways to optimize the parameters of the technological process of manufacturing polymer composite materials is of great importance. The purpose of the article is to optimize the modes of impregnation and curing of thermosetting binders and polymer composite materials based on them in combination with the kinetics of gas evolution and control of all stages of the technological process. Results. An energy-saving technology for molding composite structural elements of buildings and structures has been developed, which provides a reduction in the duration of the curing process of polymer materials, depending on the type of binder. The technology makes it possible to control the speed and degree of curing of a thermosetting binder by changing the tangent of the dielectric loss angle and electrical conductivity. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The approach and the electrophysical method for optimizing the modes of impregnation and curing of composite products in combination with the control of all stages of the technological process have been further developed in relation to the elements of composite structures. The permissible values of the curing parameters have been established according to the optimized mode of a number of thermosetting binders: heating rates, isotherm temperatures, and holding time at them. At the same time, the achieved optimal curing times for binders BFOS, LBS-4, ENFB, 5-211B using the new technology is 2.4; 1.8; 3.0; 2.3; 2.0 and 1.2 times less than according to known technologies. The results obtained guarantee the quality of the resulting composite product and are recommended for accelerating the curing process of polymer materials.

Keywords: optimization; technological regime; impregnation; curing; thermosetting binders; gas evolution; stage control